Public Health Practices

Florida uses "dark site" templates to prepare for internal and public communication during disasters

The Florida Department of Health built offline Web page templates ("dark sites") to be customized and placed online when a disaster occurs. In an online format accessible to a large number of people, the dark sites enable communications staff to provide the public and agency employees with current and accurate information they need to stay safe and do their jobs. The project was honored in 2012 for its significant effects on saving agency staff time and financial resources.

Florida's virtual JIC creates a safe and effective work environment for communications responders

In order to facilitate timely communications and ensure safety of responders, the Florida Department of Health developed a virtual Joint Information Center (JIC). Key to its success in saving agency resources were its use of existing capacity on their emergency notification system, open source software redundancy, easy global accessibility, provision of necessary communications resources in one place, and responsiveness to staff needs.

Social media training program builds responders' comfort with, ability to use Facebook, Twitter for emergency communications

Based on a flooding scenario, Disaster Strikes. Social Media Responds” (from New Hampshire) walks responders through the step-by-step process of basic and more advanced activities on popular social media sites.

Rumor investigation process helped Florida prioritize communication response, conserve resources during Deepwater Horizon disaster

Following the Deepwater Horizon explosion in spring 2010, the Florida Department of Health used a streamlined process to identify and respond to circulating rumors about the health effects of the oil spill. Rumors gathered from social media and mainstream news sources were coded and prioritized based on their accuracy and reliability.

Media monitoring process informs recommendations for public communications during H1N1

In response to misinformation circulating about the H1N1 virus and vaccine, the Florida Department of Health developed a targeted process to monitor news and opinion, while making these information sources the basis of daily recommendations. Incident command leadership found that the usability and timeliness of this process for synthesizing media reports informed their communication strategies and messages.

Guide for emergency responders provides tools for communicating with specific vulnerable groups

In response to state demographics, a Florida Department of Health (DOH) work group developed a guide for emergency responders to communicate with various vulnerable populations during a disaster. The guide covers how to create an appropriate message, deliver it in a way that will be received and understood, and collaborate with area organizations that may have special knowledge or skills to reach their communities.

Multi-format communications program readies Spanish-speakers for emergencies

Following the deaths of many Latino residents during a 2003 ice storm, planners in North Carolina built a program to effectively reach Spanish-speaking residents about emergency preparedness and response. They trained neighborhood community health workers, increased multilingual capacity at the health agency, and disseminated preparedness and response messages in Spanish over numerous media channels.

Online mapping site allows residents to search and prepare for local natural hazards

The "My Hazards" Web site empowers California residents to search and plan for natural hazards specific to their locality.

The "My Hazards" Web site empowers California residents to search and plan for natural hazards specific to their locality.

Regional group prepares first responders, businesses, and residents for chemical emergencies

While emergencies involving the release of chemicals harmful to human health can occur anywhere, they are often of greater concern to industrial communities or communities that have been identified as a potential target for an intentional attack. The Franklin County Board of Commissioners manages the Chemical Emergency Preparedness Advisory Council (CEPAC) of Franklin County to plan for these and daily concerns in its central Ohio community.

Using a multi-prong, multi-partner approach to address emerging language needs after a disaster

The Vietnamese and Latino communities have been well-established in New Orleans, Louisiana. The Vietnamese began coming to New Orleans in the mid-1970s, starting their own restaurants, stores, and organizations. Primarily established in New Orleans East and the West Bank, the Vietnamese community has developed a self-sustaining community network, including health care resources.

Health Department Operations Center

Per the National Incident Management System (NIMS), Department Operations Centers (DOC) are established and activated by individual departments to coordinate and control actions specific to that department during an emergency event. A DOC is a physical facility or location similar to the campus Emergency Operations Center (EOC). However, the purpose of a DOC is to manage and coordinate events specific to that department.

Organizing the Emergency Operations Center

Although the University of Illinois did not need to stand up its Emergency Operations Center (EOC) or Incident Command Post (ICP) for the H1N1 pandemic, the school had a plan in place that would have allowed that to happen quickly.

Weekly Reports Provide User-Friendly H1N1 Information to the Public

During Spring 2009, preparedness staff at the New York State Department of Health (NYSDOH) received many questions about H1N1 from the public and media. Advances in knowledge about H1N1 and a deeper understanding of what people wanted to know about the virus contributed to NYSDOH's communication strategies for Fall 2009.

Dark Site Stores Emergency Communications until Crisis Occurs

One of the most common and useful tools in any crisis or emergency communication management strategy is a dark web site. This practice is fairly common in the private sector and has been used by larger airlines, food/beverage companies, pharmaceutical companies, and others.

Videoconferencing Technology to Disseminate Timely Messages

The H1N1 pandemic created a tremendous need to pass critical and timely information throughout the public health system and to partner with response agencies and entities. To accomplish this goal, NC Division of Public Health used a video-conferencing system that allowed for studio-quality video conferencing with call-in and e-mail question capacity, remote presentations, and the ability to project slides with written information and graphics

Respiratory Protection Training for School Health Personnel

CDC's October 14, 2009,"Guidance on Infection Control Measures for 2009 H1N1 Influenza in Healthcare Settings, including Protection of Healthcare Personnel" determined that school health personnel need to use respiratory protection and comply with the OSHA respiratory protection standards when the hierarchy of controls cannot prevent employee exposure to a patient with influenza-like illness (ILI).

Respiratory Protection Training for Long-Term Care Homes

The 2009 H1N1 influenza outbreak identified the need for respiratory protection programs in New York State's 639 nursing home facilities. CDC's October 14, 2009, "Guidance on Infection Control Measures for 2009 H1N1 Influenza in Healthcare Settings, including Protection of Healthcare Personnel" determined that long-term care facilities would need to use respiratory protection to comply with the OSHA standard.

Efforts to Provide H1N1 Outreach and Situational Awareness

Planning and response activities related to H1N1 must be cognizant of and reflect stakeholder needs and expectations. Collaboration is essential as many different stakeholders have important roles to play in making decisions, implementing strategies, and ensuring their effectiveness. The New York State Department of Health (NYSDOH) recognizes that collaboration is critical and must be coordinated at the state level. Thus, the following activities were orchestrated by NYSDOH:

Contagious Illness Precautions for the Transportation Industry

A brief, informational poster describes hand and cough hygiene and surface precautions that transportation departments can take against the spread of infectious disease. The poster uses a simple message that is easy to understand. One reviewer found the clear, easy-to-follow layout of the poster particularly noteworthy.

Emergency Communications Toolkit

A well-organized, useful web site provides tools to guide effective emergency risk communications for public information officers (PIOs) and other communicators. A series of checklists offers specific guidance to meaningfully advance planning and communication activities. Reviewers found the checklists on initial response, response, choosing a spokesperson, anticipated questions and answers, and sample assignments useful and comprehensive.

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