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| Selected Reading |
 Adams MM, Rice AD, Moyer RW. Rabbitpox virus and vaccinia virus infection of rabbits as a model for human smallpox. J Virol 2007 Oct;81(20):11084-95 [Abstract]
Agwunobi JO. Should the US and Russia destroy their stocks of smallpox virus? (head-to-head) BMJ 2007 Apr 14;334(7597):775 [Excerpt]
Aldaz-Carroll L, Xiao Y, Whitbeck JC, et al. Major neutralizing sites on vaccinia virus glycoprotein B5 are exposed differently on variola virus ortholog B6. J Virol 2007 Aug;81(15):8131-9 [Abstract]
Amanna IJ, Carlson NE, Slifka MK. Duration of humoral immunity to common viral and vaccine antigens. N Engl J Med 2007 Nov 8;3557(19):1903-15 [Abstract]
Amara RR, Nigam P, Sharma S, et al. Long-lived poxvirus immunity, robust CD4 help, and better persistence of CD4 than CD8 T cells. J Virol 2004 Apr;78(8):3811-6 [Abstract]
Ambrose CT. Osler and the infected letter. (Historical review) Emerg Infect Dis 2005 May;11(5):689-93 [Full text]
Annas GJ. Bioterrorism, public health, and civil liberties. N Engl J Med 2002;346(17):1337-42 [Full text]
Arness MK, Eckart RE, Love SS, et al. Myopericarditis following smallpox vaccination. Am J Epidemiol 2004 Oct 1;160(7):642-1 [Abstract]
Artenstein AW. New generation smallpox vaccines: a review of preclinical and clinical data. Rev Med Virol 2008 (published online Feb 19) [Abstract]
Baggs J, Chen RT, Damon IK, et al. Safety profile of smallpox vaccine: insights from the laboratory worker smallpox vaccination program. Clin Infect Dis 2005 Apr 15;40(8):1133-40 [Abstract]
Baron S, Pan J, Poast J. Frequency of revaccination against smallpox. (Commentary) Emerg Infect Dis 2003 Nov;9(11):1489-90 [Full text]
Bartlett J, Borio L, Radonovich L, et al. Smallpox vaccination in 2003: key information for clinicians. Clin Infect Dis 2003 Apr 1;36(7):883-902 [Full text]
Bartlett JG. Smallpox vaccination and patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Clin Infect Dis 2003 Feb 15;36(4):468-71 [Abstract]
Bartlett JG. Smallpox vaccination and the patient with HIV/AIDS. Johns Hopkins Center for Biodefense Strategies. Baltimore, Md. 2002 [Full text]
Bass SB, Gordon TF, Ruzek SB, et al. Mapping perceptions related to acceptance of smallpox vaccination by hospital emergency room personnel. Biosecur Bioterror 2008 Jun;6(2):179-90 [Abstract]
Bass SB, Ruzek SB, Gordon TF, et al. Preparedness for a smallpox outbreak: comparing metrics for assessing levels of vaccination among health-care workers by state. Epidemiol Infect 2006 (published online Sep 6) [Abstract]
Bauch CT, Galvani AP, Earn DJD. Group interest versus self-interest in smallpox vaccination policy. Proc Natl Acad Sci 2003 Sep 2;100(18):10564-7 [Abstract]
Baxby D. Smallpox vaccination techniques. 2. Accessories and aftercare. Vaccine 2003 Mar 28;21(13-14):1382-90 [Abstract]
Baxby D. Smallpox vaccination techniques; from knives and forks to needles and pins. Vaccine 2002 May 15;20(16):2140-9 [Abstract]
Belshe RB, Newman FK, Frey SE, et al. Dose-dependent neutralizing-antibody responses to vaccinia. J Infect Dis 2004 Feb 1;189(3):493-7 [Abstract]
Belyakov IM, Earl P, Dzutsev A, et al. Shared modes of protection against poxvirus infection by attenuated and conventional smallpox vaccine viruses. Proc Natl Acad Sci 2003 Aug 5;100(16):9458-63 [Abstract]
Berhanu A, Wilson RL, Kirkwood DL, et al. Vaccination of BALB/c mice with Escherichia coli-expressed vaccinia virus proteins A27L, B5R, and D8L protects mice from lethal vaccinia virus challenge. J Virol 2008 Apr;82(7):3517-29 [Abstract]
Bessinger GT, Smith SB, Olivere JW, et al. Benign hypersensitivity reactions to smallpox vaccine. Int J Dermatol 2007 May;46(5):460-5 [Abstract]
Bicknell W, James K. The new cell culture smallpox vaccine should be offered to the general population. Rev Med Virol 2003 Jan-Feb;13(1):5-15 (see also Mortimer 2003 below) [Abstract]
Bicknell WJ, Bloem KD. Smallpox and bioterrorism: why the plan to protect the nation is stalled and what to do. CATO Institute Briefing paper No. 85. Sep 5, 2003 [Full text]
Bicknell WJ. The case for voluntary smallpox vaccination. (Sounding Board) N Engl J Med 2002;346(17):1323-5 [Full text]
Bielinska AU, Chepurnov AA, Landers JJ, et al. A novel, killed-virus nasal vaccinia vaccine. Clin Vaccine Immunol 2008 Feb;15(2):348-58 (published online Dec 5) [Abstract]
Blendon RJ, DesRoches CM, Benson JM, et al. The public and the smallpox threat. N Engl J Med 2003 Jan 30;348(5):426-32 [Full text]
Bray M, Buller M. Looking back at smallpox. Clin Infect Dis 2004 Mar 15;38(6):882-9 [Abstract]
Bray M, Wright ME. Progressive vaccinia. Clin Infect Dis 2003 Mar 15;36(6):766-74 [Abstract]
Breman JG, Arita I, Fenner F. Preventing the return of smallpox. N Engl J Med 2003 Jan 30;348(5):463-6 [Full text]
Breman JG, Henderson DA. Diagnosis and management of smallpox. N Engl J Med 2002;346(17):1300-8 [Full text]
Burke DS, Epstein JM, Cummings DAT, et al. Individual-based computational modeling of smallpox epidemic control strategies. Acad Emerg Med 2006 Nov;13(11):1142-49 [Abstract]
Byrd CM, Bolken TC, Mjalli AM, et al. New class of orthopoxvirus antiviral drugs that block viral maturation. J Virol 2004 Nov;78(22):12147-56 [Abstract]
Byun M, Wang X, Pak M, et al. Cowpox virus exploits the endoplasmic reticulum retention pathway to inhibit MHC class I transport to the cell surface. Cell Host Microbe 2007 Nov 15;2(5):306-15 [Abstract]
Calvo-Calle JM, Strug I, Nastke MD, et al. Human CD4+ T cell epitopes from vaccinia virus induced by vaccination or infection. PLoS Pathog 2007 Oct 12;3(10):e144 [Full text]
Casey CG, Iskander JK, Roper MH, et al. Adverse events associated with smallpox vaccination in the United States, January-October 2003. JAMA 2005 Dec 7;294(21):2734-43 [Abstract]
CDC. 25th anniversary of the last case of naturally acquired smallpox. MMWR 2002 Oct 25; 51(42):952 [Full text]
CDC. Adverse events following civilian smallpox vaccination: United States, 2003. MMWR 2003 Apr 18;52(15):343-5 [Full text]
CDC. Adverse events following civilian smallpox vaccination: United States, 2003. MMWR 2003 Apr 25;52(16)360-3 [Full text]
CDC. Adverse events following civilian smallpox vaccination: United States, 2003. MMWR 2003 Aug 29;52(34):819-20 [Full text]
CDC. Adverse events following civilian smallpox vaccination: United States, 2003. MMWR 2003 May 16;52(19):444-6 [Full text]
CDC. Adverse events following civilian smallpox vaccination: United States, 2003. MMWR 2003 May 23;52(20):475-7 [Full text]
CDC. Adverse events following civilian smallpox vaccination: United States, 2003. MMWR 2003 May 9;52(18):419-20 [Full text]
CDC. Adverse events following civilian smallpox vaccination: United States, 2003. MMWR 2004 Feb 13;53(5):106-7 [Full text]
CDC. Adverse events following smallpox vaccination: United States, 2003. MMWR 2003 Apr 4;52(13):278-82 [Full text]
CDC. Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) statement on smallpox preparedneess and vaccination. Jun 18, 2003 [Full text]
CDC. Cardiac adverse events following smallpox vaccination: United States, 2003. MMWR 2003 Mar 28;55(RR-6):248-50 [Full text]
CDC. Cardiac and other adverse events following civilian smallpox vaccination: United States, 2003. MMWR 2003 Jul 11;52(27):639-42 [Full text]
CDC. Cardiac deaths after a mass smallpox vaccination campaign: New York City, 1947. MMWR 2003 Oct 3;52(39):933-6 [Full text]
CDC. Cardiac-related events during the civilian smallpox vaccination program: United States, 2003. MMWR 2003 May 30;52(21):492-6 [Full text]
CDC. Draft Guide A: Smallpox surveillance and case reporting; contact identification, tracing, vaccination, and surveillance; and epidemiologic investigation. Dec 30, 2003 [Full text]
CDC. Household transmission of vaccinia virus from contact with a military smallpox vaccinee--Illinois and Indiana, 2007. MMWR 2007 May 18;56(19):478-81 [Full text]
CDC. Laboratory-acquired vaccinia exposures and infections--United States, 2005-2007. MMWR 2008 Apr 18;57(15):401-4 [Full text]
CDC. Negative staining electron microscopic protocol for rash illness. Revised Mar 2005 [Full text]
CDC. Policy on unused smallpox vaccine. Jul 1, 2003 [Full text]
CDC. Preliminary report: multistate outbreak of monkeypox in persons exposed to pet prairie dogs. Jun 9, 2003 [Full text]
CDC. Public health surveillance for smallpox--United States, 2003-2005. MMWR 2006 Dec 15;55(49):1325-7 [Full text]
CDC. Recommendations for using smallpox vaccine in a pre-event smallpox vaccination program. Supplemental recommendations of ACIP and HICPAC. MMWR 2003 Apr 4;52(RR07):1-16 [Full text]
CDC. Secondary and tertiary transfer of vaccinia virus among U.S. military personnel: United States and worldwide, 2002-2004. MMWR 2004 Feb 13;53(5):103-5 [Full text]
CDC. Smallpox case definitions (as described in "Guide A" of the Smallpox Response Plan and Guidelines) [Full text]
CDC. Smallpox response plan and guidelines. Version 3.0. Updated Jun 25, 2004 [Full text]
CDC. Smallpox vaccination and adverse reactions: guidance for clinicians. MMWR 2003 Feb 21;52(RR04):1-28 [Full text]
CDC. Smallpox vaccination clinical guide. Released Sep 23, 2002 [Full text]
CDC. Smallpox vaccination information for women who are pregnant or breastfeeding. 2003 [Full text]
CDC. Smallpox vaccine adverse events among civilians: United States, 2003. MMWR 2003 Mar 21;52(11):229 [Full text]
CDC. Smallpox vaccine adverse events among civilians: United States, February 18-24, 2003. MMWR 2003 Feb 28;52(08):156-7 [Full text]
CDC. Smallpox vaccine adverse events among civilians: United States, February 25-March 3, 2003. MMWR 2003 Mar 7;52(09):180-1,191 [Full text]
CDC. Smallpox vaccine adverse events among civilians: United States, March 4-10, 2003. MMWR 2003 Mar 14;52(10):201-3 [Full text]
CDC. Smallpox vaccine adverse events monitoring and response system for the first stage of the smallpox vaccination program. MMWR 2002 Feb 7;52(5):88-9 [Full text]
CDC. Specimen collection of smallpox (vaccinia) vaccine virus [Full text]
CDC. Summary of October 2002 ACIP smallpox vaccination recommendations (updated Oct 21, 2002) [Full text]
CDC. Supplemental recommendations on adverse events following smallpox vaccine in the pre-event vaccination program: recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices. MMWR 2003 Apr 4;52(13):282-4 [Full text]
CDC. Surveillance guidelines for smallpox vaccine (vaccinia) adverse reactions. From National Immunization Program. MMWR 2006 Feb 3;55(RR01):1-16 [Full text]
CDC. Update on adverse events following civilian smallpox vaccination: United States, 2003. MMWR 2003 Apr 11;52(14):313-5 [Full text]
CDC. Vaccinia (smallpox) vaccine: recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP), 2001. MMWR 2001;50(10):1-25 [Full text]
CDC. Vulvar vaccinia infection after sexual contact with a military smallpox vaccinee--Alaska, 2006. MMWR 2007 May 4;56(17):417-9 [Full text]
CDC. What you should know about a smallpox outbreak. Mar 29, 2004 [Web page]
CDC. Women with smallpox vaccine exposure during pregnancy reported to the National Smallpox Vaccine in Pregnancy Registry: United States, 2003. MMWR 2003 May 2;52(17):386-8 [Full text]
Chen Z, Earl P, Americo J, et al. Characterization of chimpanzee/human monoclonal antibodies to vaccinia virus A33 glycoprotein and its variola virus homolog in vitro and in a vaccinia virus mouse protection model. J Virol 2007 Sep;81(17):8989-95 [Abstract]
Chen Z, Earl P, Americo J, et al. Chimpanzee/human mAbs to vaccinia virus B5 protein neutralize vaccinia and smallpox viruses and protect mice against vaccinia virus. Proc Natl Acad Sci 2006 (published online Jan 25) [Abstract]
Chu CK, Jin YH, Baker RO, et al. Antiviral activity of cyclopentenyl nucleosides against orthopox viruses (smallpox, monkeypox and cowpox). Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2003 Jan 6;13(1):9-12 [Abstract]
Cohen HW, Gould R, Sidel VW. Smallpox Vaccinations and adverse events. (Letter) JAMA 2006;295(16):1897-8 [Extract]
Cohen JI, Hohman P, Preuss JC, et al. Detection of vaccinia virus DNA, but not infectious virus, in the blood of smallpox vaccine recipients. Vaccine 2007 Jun 6;25(23):4571-74 [Abstract]
Couch RB, Winokur P, Edwards KM, et al. Reducing the dose of smallpox vaccine reduces vaccine-associated morbidity without reducing vaccination success rates or immune responses. J Infect Dis 2007 Mar 15;195(6):826-32 [Abstract]
Cummings JF, Polhemus ME, Hawkes C, et al. Lack of vaccinia viremia after smallpox vaccination. Clin Infect Dis 2004 Feb 1;38(3):456-8 [Full text]
Cummings JF, Polhemus ME, Hawkes C, et al. Persistence of vaccinia at the site of smallpox vaccination. Clin Infect Dis 2008 Jan;46(1):101-2 [Full text]
Cunha BA. Anthrax, tularemia, plague, ebola or smallpox as agents of bioterrorism: recognition in the emergency room. Clin Microbiol Rev 2002 Aug 8(8):489-503 [Abstract]
Cunha BA. Smallpox and measles: historical aspects and clinical differentiation. Infect Dis Clin North Am 2004 Mar;18(1):79-100 [Abstract]
Davies DH, McCausland MM, Valdez C, et al. Vaccinia virus H3L envelope protein is a major target of neutralizing antibodies in humans and elicits protection against lethal challenge in mice. J Virol 2005 Sep;79(18):11724-33 [Abstract]
Davies DW, Wyatt LS, Newman FK, et al. Antibody profiling by proteome microarray reveals the immunogenicity of the attenuated smallpox vaccine modified vaccinia virus Ankara is comparable to that of Dryvax. J Virol 2008 Jan;82(2):652-63 [Abstract]
Davila JC, Payne DC, Zhang Y, et al. Quality assessment of nonanthrax vaccination data in the Defense Medical Surveillance System, 1998-2004. Vaccine 2008 Mar 17;26(12):1577-84 [Abstract]
Democratic members of the House Select Committee on Homeland Security. A biodefense failure: the National Smallpox Vaccination Program one year later. Jan 2004 [Full text]
Deng L, Dai P, Ciro A, et al. Identification of novel antipoxviral agents: mitoxantrone inhibits vaccinia virus replication by blocking viron assembly. J Virol 2007 Dec;81(24);13392-402 [Abstract]
DoD (Department of Defense). Smallpox vaccination safety summary: DoD smallpox vaccination program. Updated periodically [Full text]
Drazen JM. Smallpox and bioterrorism. (Perspective) N Engl J Med 2002;346(17):1262-3 [Full text]
Dropulic LK, Rubin RH, Bartlett JG. Smallpox vaccination and the patient with an organ transplant. Clin Infect Dis 2003 Mar 15;36(6):786-8 [Abstract]
Durrheim DN, Muller R, Saunders V, et al. Australian public and smallpox. Emerg Infect Dis 2005 Nov;11(11):1748-50 [Full text]
Earl PL, Americo JL, Wyatt LS, et al. Immunogenicity of a highly attenuated MVA smallpox vaccine and protection against monkeypox. Nature 2004(Mar 11);428(6979):182-5 [Abstract]
Earl PL, Americo JL, Wyatt LS, et al. Recombinant modified vaccinia virus Ankara provides durable protection against disease caused by an immunodeficiency virus as well as long-term immunity to an orthopoxvirus in a non-human primate. Virology 2007 Sep 15;366(1):84-97 [Abstract]
Eckart RE, Love SS, Atwood JE, et al. Incidence and follow-up of inflammatory cardiac complications after smallpox vaccination. J Am Coll Cardiol 2004 Jul7;44(1):201-5 [Abstract]
Eckart RE, Shry EA, Atwood JE, et al. Smallpox vaccination and ischemic coronary events in healthy adults. Vaccine 2007 Dec 5;25(50):8359-64 [Abstract]
Eichner M. Analysis of historical data suggests long-lasting protective effects of smallpox vaccination. Am J Epidemiol 2003 Oct 15;158(8):717-23 [Abstract]
Empig C, Kenner JR, Perret-Gentil M, et al. Highly attenuated smallpox vaccine protects rabbits and mice against pathogenic orthopoxvirus challenge. Vaccine 2006 Apr 24;24(17):3686-94 [Abstract]
Engler RJ, Kenner J, Leung DY. Smallpox vaccination: risk considerations for patients with atopic dermatitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2002;110:357-65 [Abstract]
Esposito JJ, Sammons SA, Frace AM, et al. Genome sequence diversity and clues to the evolution of variola (smallpox) virus. Science 2006 Aug 11;313(5788) [Abstract]
Essbauer S, Meyer H, Porsch-Ozcurumez M, et al. Long-lasting stability of vaccinia virus (orthopoxvirus) in food and environmental samples. Zoonoses Public Health 2007 May;54(3-4):118-24 [Abstract]
Faden RR, Taylor HA, Seiler NK. Consent and compensation: a social compact for smallpox vaccine policy in the event of an attack. Clin Infect Dis 2003 Jun 15;36(12):1547-51 [Abstract]
Fauci AS, Challberg MD. Host-based antipoxvirus therapeutic strategies: turning the tables. (Commentary) J Clin Invest 2005 Feb 1:115(20:231-3 [Abstract - See also Yang below]
Fauci AS. Smallpox vaccination policy--the need for dialogue. (Editorial) N Engl J Med 2002;346(17):1319-20 [Full text]
FDA. FDA approves new plasma-derived product to treat complications of smallpox vaccination. Feb 18, 2005 [Press release]
FDA. Vaccinia virus: developing drugs to mitigate complications for smallpox vaccination. Draft guidance. Mar 2004 [Full text]
Federle CG, Negredo A, Molero F, et al. Use of internally controlled real-time genome amplification for detection of variola virus and other orthopoxviruses infecting humans. J Clin Microbiol 2006 Dec;44(12):4464-70 [Abstract]
Feldman KA, Enscore RE, Lathrop SL, et al. The sequence of camelpox virus shows it is most closely related to variola virus, the cause of smallpox. J Gen Virol 2002 Apr;83(Pt 4):855-72 [Abstract]
Fenner F, Henderson DA, Arita I, et al. Smallpox and its eradication. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization, 1988 [Full textbook]
Ferrier-Rembert A, Drillien R, Meignier B, et al. Safety, immunogenicity and protective efficacy in mice of a new cell-cultured Lister smallpox vaccine candidate. Vaccine 2007 Nov 28;25(49):8290-7 [Abstract]
Ferrier-Rembert A, Drillien R, Tournier JN, et al. Short- and long-term immunogenicity and protection induced by non-replicating smallpox vaccine candidates in mice and comparison with the traditional 1st generation vaccine. Vaccine 2008 Mar 25;26(14):1794-804 [Abstract]
Fraser C, Riley S, Anderson RM, et al. Factors that make an infectious disease outbreak controllable. Proc Natl Acad Sci 2004 Apr 20;101(16):6146-51 [Abstract]
Frelinger JA, Garba ML. Responses to smallpox vaccine. (Letter) N Engl J Med 2002;347(9):689-90 [Full text]
Frey SE, Belshe RB. Poxvirus zoonoses: putting pocks into context. (Perspective) N Engl J Med 2004 Jan 22;359(4):324-7 [Extract]
Frey SE, Couch RB, Tacket CO, et al. Clinical responses to undiluted and diluted smallpox vaccine. N Engl J Med 2002;346(17):1265-74 [Full text]
Frey SE, Newman FK, Cruz J, et al. Dose-related effects of smallpox vaccine. N Engl J Med 2002;346(17):1275-80 [Full text]
Frey SE, Newman FK, Yan L, et al. Response to smallpox vaccine in persons immunized in the distant past. JAMA 2003 Jun 25;289(24):3295-9 [Abstract]
Fulginiti VA, Papier A, Lane JM, et al. Smallpox vaccination: a review, part I: background, vaccination technique, normal vaccination and revaccination, and expected normal reactions. Clin Infect Dis 2003 Jul 15;37(2):241-50 [Full text]
Fulginiti VA, Papier A, Lane JM, et al. Smallpox vaccination: a review, part II: adverse events. Clin Infect Dis 2003 Jul 15;37(2):251-71 [Full text]
Gallwitz S, Schutzbank T, Heberling RL, et al. Smallpox: residual antibody after vaccination. J Clin Microbiol 2003 Sep;41(9):3068-70 [Abstract]
Gani R, Leach S. Transmission potential of smallpox in contemporary populations. Nature 2001;414(Dec 13):748-51 [Abstract]
GAO (General Accounting Office). Smallpox vaccination: review of the implementation of the military program. Report to Senate Committee on Governmental Affairs. GAO-04-215R. Dec 1, 2003 [Full text]
Garcia AD, Meseda CA, Mayer AE, et al. Characterization and use of mammalian-expressed vaccinia virus extracellular membrane proteins for quantification of the humoral immune response to smallpox vaccines. Clin Vaccine Immunol 2007 Aug;14(8):1032-44 [Abstract]
Garde V, Harper D, Fairchok MP. Tertiary contact vaccinia in a breastfeeding infant. JAMA 2004 Feb 11;291(6):725-7 [Abstract]
Golovkin M, Spitsin S, Andrianov V, et al. Smallpox subunit vaccine produced in planta confers protection in mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci 2007 (published online Apr 11) [Abstract]
Grabenstein JD, Winkenwerder W. US military smallpox vaccination program experience. JAMA 2003 Jun 25;289(24):3278-82 [Abstract]
Greenberg RN, Kennedy JS, Clanton DJ, et al. Safety and immunogenicity of new cell-cultured smallpox vaccine compared with calf-lymph derived vaccine: a blind, single-centre, randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2005 Jan 29;365(9457):398-400 [Abstract - See also Poland below]
Greenberg RN, Schosser RH, Plummer EA, et al. Urticaria, exanthems, and other benign dermatologic reactions to smallpox vaccination in adults. Clin Infect Dis 2004 Apr 1;38(7):958-65 [Abstract]
Grosenbach DW, Jordan R, King DS, et al. Immune responses to the smallpox vaccine given in combination with ST-246, a small molecule inhibitor of poxvirus dissemination. Vaccine 2008 Feb 13;26(7):933-46 [Abstract]
Gubser C, Smith GL. The sequence of camelpox virus shows it is most closely related to variola virus, the cause of smallpox. J Gen Virol 2002;83(4):855-72 [Full text]
Haim M, Gdalevich M, Mimouni D, et al. Adverse reactions to smallpox vaccine: the Israel Defense Force experience, 1991 to 1996. A comparison with previous surveys. Mil Med 2000;165(4):287-9 [Abstract]
Halsell JS, Riddle JR, Atwood JE, et al. Myopericarditis following smallpox vaccination among vaccinia-naive US military personnel. JAMA 2003 Jun 25;289(24):3283-9 [Abstract]
Hammarlund E, Lewis MW, Carter SV, et al. Multiple diagnostic techniques identify previously vaccinated individuals with protective immunity against monkeypox. Nat Med 2005 Sep;11(9):1005-11 [Full text]
Hammarlund E, Lewis MW, Hanifin JM, et al. Traditional smallpox vaccination with reduced risk of inadvertent contact spread by administration of povidone iodine ointment. Vaccine 2008 Jan 17;26(3):430-9 [Abstract]
Hammarlund E, Lewis MW, Hansen SG, et al. Duration of antiviral immunity after smallpox vaccination. Nature Med 2003 Sep 1;9(9):1131-7 [Abstract]
Hammond E. Should the US and Russia destroy their stocks of smallpox virus? (head-to-head) BMJ 2007 Apr 14;334(7597):774 [Excerpt]
Hanrahan JA, Jakubowycz M, Davis BR. A smallpox false alarm. (Letter) N Engl J Med 2003;348(5):467-8 [Citation]
Harrison SC, Alberts B, Ehrenfeld E, et al. Discovery of antivirals against smallpox. (Perspective) Proc Natl Acad Sci 2004 Aug 3;101(31):11178-92 [Extract]
Hatakeyama S, Moriya K, Saijo M, et al. Persisting humoral antiviral immunity within the Japanese population after the discontinuation in 1976 of routine smallpox vaccinations. Clin Diag Lab Immunol 2005 Apr;12(4):520-4 [Abstract]
He Y, Manischewitz J, Meseda CA, et al. Antibodies to the A27 protein of vaccinia virus neutralize and protect against infection but represent a minor component of Dryvax vaccine-induced immunity. J Infect Dis 2007 Oct 1;196(7):1026-32 [Abstract]
Henderson DA, Fenner F. Recent events and observations pertaining to smallpox virus destruction in 2002. Clin Infect Dis 2001;33:1057-8 [Abstract]
Henderson DA, Inglesby TV, Bartlett JG, et al, for the Working Group on Civilian Biodefense. Smallpox as a biological weapon: medical and public health management. JAMA 1999;281(22):2127-37 [Abstract]
Henderson DA. Smallpox: clinical and epidemiologic features. Emerg Infect Dis 1999;5(4):537-9 [Full text]
HHS. Declaration regarding administration of smallpox countermeasures. Fed Reg 2003 Jan 28;68(18):4212-3 (Effective as of Jan 24, 2003) [Full text]
HHS. HHS issues final rule for smallpox vaccine injury compensation program. Jun 16, 2006 [Press release]
HHS. Smallpox vaccine injury compensation program: administrative implementation; interim final rule. 42 CFR Pt 102. Fed Reg 2003 Dec 16;68(231):70079-106 [Full text on HRSA site]
HHS. Smallpox vaccine injury compensation program: smallpox (vaccinia) vaccine injury table. 42 CFR Pt 102. Fed Reg 2003 Aug 27;68(166):51492-9 [Full text]
Hixson KK, Adkins JN, Baker SE, et al. Biomarker candidate identification in Yersinia pestis using organism-wide semiquantitative proteomics. J Proteome Res 2006 Nov;5(11):3008-17 [Abstract]
Hooper JW, Golden JW, Ferro AM, et al. Smallpox DNA vaccine delivered by novel skin electroporation device protects mice against intranasal poxvirus challenge. Vaccine 2007 Feb 26;25(10):1814-23 [Abstract]
Hooper JW, Thompson E, Wilhelmsen C, et al. Smallpox DNA vaccine protects nonhuman primates against lethal monkeypox. J Virol 2004 May;78(9):4433-43 [Abstract]
Hopkins RJ, Kramer WG, Blackwelder WC, et al. Safety and pharmacokinetic evaluation of intravenous vaccinia immune globulin in healthy volunteers. Clin Infect Dis 2004 Sep 15;39(6):759-66 [Abstract]
Howell MD, Gallo RL, Boguniewicz M, et al. Cytokine milieu of atopic dermatitis skin subverts the innate immune response to vaccinia virus. Immunity 2006 Mar;24:341-8 [Abstract]
Howell MD, Jones JF, Kisich KO, et al. Selective killing of vaccinia virus by LL-37: implications for eczema vaccinatum. J Immunol 2004 Feb 1;172(3):1763-7 [Abstract]
Hsieh S-M, Pan S-C, Chen S-Y, et al. Age distribution for T cell reactivity to vaccinia virus in a healthy population. Clin Infect Dis 2004 Jan 1;38(1):86-9 [Abstract]
Hsieh SM, Chen SY, Sheu GC, et al. Clinical and immunological responses to undiluted and diluted smallpox vaccine with vaccinia virus of Lister strain. Vaccine 2006 Jan 23;24(4):510-5 [Abstract]
Huerta M, Balicer RD, Mimouni D, et al. Validity of self-assessment of skin reaction after smallpox vaccination. Public Health Rep 2006 Jan-Feb;121(1):45-50 [Abstract]
IOM (Institute of Medicine). Review of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's smallpox vaccination program implementation: letter report 1. Washington, DC: National Academies Press. Jan 16, 2003 [Full text]
IOM (Institute of Medicine). Review of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's smallpox vaccination program implementation: letter report 2. Washington, DC: National Academies Press. Mar 21, 2003 [Full text]
IOM (Institute of Medicine). Review of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's smallpox vaccination program implementation: letter report 3. Washington, DC: National Academies Press. May 23, 2003 [Full text]
IOM (Institute of Medicine). Review of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's smallpox vaccination program implementation: letter report 4. Washington, DC: National Academies Press. Aug 12, 2003 [Full text]
IOM (Institute of Medicine). Review of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's smallpox vaccination program implementation: letter report 5. Washington, DC: National Academies Press. Dec 19, 2003 [Full text]
IOM (Institute of Medicine). Review of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's smallpox vaccination program implementation: letter report 6. Washington, DC: National Academies Press. Jul 6, 2004 [Full text]
IOM. The smallpox vaccination program: public health in an age of terrorism. Unedited copy. Mar 2005 [Full text]
Jackson RL, Ramsay AJ, Christensen CD, et al. Expression of mouse interleukin-4 by a recombinant ectromelia virus suppresses cytolytic lymphocyte responses and overcomes genetic resistance to mousepox. J Virology 2001;75(3):1205-10 [Abstract]
Jacobs N, Chen RAJ, Gubser C, et al. Intradermal immune response after infection with vaccinia virus. J Gen Virol 2006 May;87(Pt 5):1157-61 [Abstract]
Jacobson IG, Smith TC, Smith B, et al. US military service members vaccinated against smallpox in 2003 and 2004 experience a slightly higher risk of hospitalization postvaccination. Vaccine 2008 Jul 29;26(32):4048-56 [Abstract]
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