The monoclonal antibody, L9LS, was previously shown to offer 80% protection to adults in a phase 1 trial.
Researchers estimate that 85 pathogens accounted for 704 million disability-adjusted life years globally in 2019.
Vector-borne illnesses have doubled over the past two decades, as the number of pathogens grows and affected areas expand.
Vaccine effectiveness at 1 year was 75% at seasonal sites and 68% at standard sites for time to first malaria infection.
The first patients to receive the vaccine were a pair of twin babies.
In November, Cameroon said it would receive 331,200 doses of the RTS,S vaccine, which is produced by GSK.
The step clears the way for a broader rollout of R21/Matrix-M, which the WHO recommended in October.
Catastrophic flooding in Pakistan last year led to a fivefold jump in cases.
Cameroon is set to receive 331,200 doses of RTS,S, and four other African nations will receive 1.7 million doses in the coming weeks.
Bangladesh eliminated visceral leishmaniasis, Maldives interrupted leprosy transmission, and South Korea eliminated rubella.