The findings underscore the need for risk messaging and educational resources, the researchers say.
In the past 30 days 250,000 birds have been hit with the virus.
The dermatophilosis rash has caused only mild cases in men who have sex with men in Europe.
The findings highlight potential alternative sources and viral transmission modes on farms, as well as the presence of viral strains that may be able to infect people.
The Dakotas have had the most poultry outbreaks in April.
Of the 5 H9N2 avian flu cases, 4 were from China and 1 was reported in Italy.
One outbreak affected a Minnesota turkey facility housing 63,000 birds.
Moderna has begun dosing participants in a phase 3 trial of its H5 pandemic flu vaccine candidate, mRNA-108.
The WHO has recorded 162 human cases of H9N2 avian flu since 2015, all but 3 of them in China.
The milking cows were the first avian flu detections in cattle since a Wisconsin report in December 2025.
