Decisions about investing in building wastewater surveillance capacity should consider the vast economic and social cost of responding to infectious diseases not detected and arrested early, the authors say.
The loss of activity is equivalent to 15% of the US population becoming completely immobile for 1 day.
Adult COVID-19 patients also infected with the flu are 4 times more likely to need mechanical ventilation and 2.4 times more likely to die.
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The findings suggest that antivirals may shorten hospital stays, cut the risk of infection in high-risk patients, and lower the risk of death when begun early.
US health officials are eying ways to reduce the spread of the virus over colder months and the holiday season.
The team arrived at 6 target pathogens: the viruses that cause polio, influenza A, influenza B, mpox, COVID-19, and measles.
The results may guide choice of medications and aid surveillance efforts, the authors say.
Heating the milk to 63°C (145°F) for at least 30 minutes and 72°C (162°F) for 15 seconds both inactivated all tested viruses.
Chicago, after recording 64 measles cases and administering more than 30,000 vaccine doses, has passed 2 incubation periods with no new infections.
On average, COVID-19 was tied to 2 more days of sick time than influenza.
Recent healthcare system advancements such as higher vaccination uptake and public health interventions likely contributed to the decline, the authors say.
Some of the steps include reinforcing proper hand hygiene and respiratory etiquette, improving building ventilation, cleaning and sanitation when appropriate, and promoting vaccination.
The results should be interpreted in the context of twice as many hospitalizations for COVID than flu during the study period, the authors say.
