Products have been removed from store shelves, but health officials are concerned they may still be in consumers' refrigerators.
The rule established a list of foods that require enhanced recordkeeping, but the FDA has yet to finalize plans to implement it.
The positive product sample in Minnesota was connected to an illness investigation.
The bacteria can cause rare bloodstream and central nervous system infections.
The new outbreak-related death was in Oregon; the previous two were in Minnesota.
The outbreak, linked to precut cantaloupe, has now topped 100 illnesses in 34 states.
The US outbreak has more than doubled in just a week, has hospitalized at least 45, and has killed 2 Minnesotans.
So far at least 11 people in seven states have been sickened with Listeria monocytogenes, which can cause severe and fatal infections.
Most of the patients are babies who likely got sick after touching dog food or were exposed to dogs and their environments.
The strain is linked to travel to Mexico, consumption of cheese obtained in Mexico, and beef from Mexico and the United States.
