The trial will evaluate whether the adjuvanted subunit vaccine M72/AS01E protects adolescents and adults from progressing from latent TB to active pulmonary TB.
Increased investment in TB control and prevention has helped reduce incidence in young people, but incidence of drug-resistant TB is rising.
Since persistent cough is one of the primary symptoms that sets off the diagnostic process for TB, the findings suggest many patients could receive delayed diagnosis and treatment.
The updated guidelines will be released later this year.
The authors said Mycobacterium bovis continues to spread from deer to humans and cattle and poses a particular risk to people with weakened immune systems.
Interviews with national TB program managers indicate nearly 80% of patients with DR-TB will have access to shorter, all-oral regimens by 2026.
Clinicians were reminded of a 2021 TB outbreak, which involved 113 recipients in 18 states.
As a result of the supply interruptions, 6% of all programs reported negative patient outcomes.
Studies in South Africa and Vietnam also indicate 6 months of treatment with an oral antibiotic could help prevent development of MDR-TB in children and adults.
Under an agreement with TB Alliance, Indian pharmaceutical company Macleods will supply pretomanid for low- and middle-income countries.
